Horace Walpole The Three Princes Of Serendip Pdf Download [VERIFIED]
The story has become known in the English-speaking world as the source of the word serendipity, coined by Horace Walpole because of his recollection of the part of the "silly fairy tale" in which the three princes by "accidents and sagacity" discern the nature of a lost camel.[6] In a separate line of descent, the story was used by Voltaire in his 1747 Zadig, and through this contributed to both the evolution of detective fiction and the self-understanding of scientific method.
Horace Walpole The Three Princes Of Serendip Pdf Download
"In ancient times there existed in the country of Serendippo, in the Far East, a great and powerful king by the name of Giaffer. He had three sons who were very dear to him. And being a good father and very concerned about their education, he decided that he had to leave them endowed not only with great power, but also with all kinds of virtues of which princes are particularly in need."
When the tutors are pleased with the excellent progress that the three princes make in the arts and sciences, they report it to the king. He, however, still doubts their training, and summoning each in turn, declares that he will retire to the contemplative life leaving them as king. Each politely declines, affirming the father's superior wisdom and fitness to rule.
No sooner do the three princes arrive abroad than they trace clues to identify precisely a camel they have never seen. They conclude that the camel is lame, blind in one eye, missing a tooth, carrying a pregnant woman, and bearing honey on one side and butter on the other. When they later encounter the merchant who has lost the camel, they report their observations to him. He accuses them of stealing the camel and takes them to the Emperor Beramo, where he demands punishment.
Grass had been eaten from the side of the road where it was less green, so the princes had inferred that the camel was blind on the other side. Because there were lumps of chewed grass on the road that were the size of a camel's tooth, they inferred they had fallen through the gap left by a missing tooth. The tracks showed the prints of only three feet, the fourth being dragged, indicating that the animal was lame. That butter was carried on one side of the camel and honey on the other was evident because ants had been attracted to melted butter on one side of the road and flies to spilled honey on the other.
At this moment, a traveller enters the scene to say that he has just found a missing camel wandering in the desert. Beramo spares the lives of the three princes, lavishes rich rewards on them, and appoints them to be his advisors.
There are three categories for serendipity-oriented algorithms [19]: (a) reranking algorithms (these algorithms change the order of items in recommendation lists using relevance scores provided by accuracy-oriented algorithms); (b) serendipity-oriented modifications (these algorithms are based on particular accuracy-oriented algorithms); and (c) novel algorithms (these algorithms are not based on any common accuracy-oriented algorithms, but rather utilize different techniques to improve serendipity).
To compare performance of our algorithm with the baselines, we evaluated these algorithms on the Serendipity-2018 dataset, as to the best of our knowledge, this is the only publicly available dataset, which contains user feedback regarding serendipity [16]. As the amount of this feedback is limited, we generated additional user feedback based on this dataset. We then split this dataset into three different datasets to evaluate our baselines. In this section, we first describe the dataset and then provide details on its preprocessing.
To tune and evaluate the baselines, we split the final dataset into three datasets: the training dataset, the tuning dataset and the test dataset. The training dataset contains almost 10 million relevance ratings, while the tuning dataset contains 3043 relevance and serendipity ratings (67% of serendipity ratings) of the same user-movie pairs. The test dataset contains 1512 relevance and serendipity (33% of serendipity ratings) ratings of the same user-movie pairs. To tune the parameters of the baselines, we trained them on the relevance ratings of the training dataset and tuned the parameters based on the performance of these baselines on the serendipity ratings of the tuning dataset. We then trained the baselines with the inferred parameters on relevance ratings of the training and tuning datasets combined and evaluated them on the relevance (to measure relevance) and serendipity (to measure serendipity) ratings of the test dataset.
According to British-born author and Sri Lankan lexicographer Richard Boyle, the story of the three princes of Serendip is an old Persian or possibly Indian fairy tale about three princes from Serendip who, having been taught by the wisest men in the kingdom, are sent by their father on a mission of observation. They discover things by good fortune and sagacity (discernment or wisdom). For example, in one part the three princes use trace clues to precisely identify a camel they have never seen that has been lost by its driver. When the driver asks if they have seen the camel, they say no, but they then ask the driver if his camel is lame, blind in one eye, missing a tooth, carrying a pregnant maiden, and bearing honey on one side and butter on the other. The driver is astonished that, having never seen it, they could know that much about the camel, eventually accuses them of stealing the camel, and has them arrested. 350c69d7ab